Constitutional Rights

The 130th Amendment Bill, 2025 — Reform or Political Weapon?

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Introduction On August 20, 2025, Minister of Home Affairs Amit Shah introduced the Constitution (One Hundred and Thirtieth Amendment) Bill, 2025 in Parliament. Consequently, The bill represents a bold and contentious step in the history of the Constitution of India, as it looks to bring a measure of political accountability. The Bill proposes that if […]

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Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution

Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution – A UPSC Guide

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The Fundamental Rights enshrined in the Indian Constitution represent the elemental freedoms entitled to every citizen to protect dignity, equality, and freedom. Stored in Part III (Articles 12-35), the rights allow citizens to be shielded from arbitrary state actions and are the substance of Indian democracy. Today, there are six Fundamental Rights available in India

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