constitutional amendments

National Commission for SC

National Commission for SC, ST and BC

Introduction – Why This Commission is Important Recently, the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) recommended the removal of several Muslim and other communities from the Backward Classes List in West Bengal. This has Continued the recent debate about the purpose of constitutional commissions. Social justice is a fundamental commitment to the people of India, […]

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Types of Majority in Parliament: Easy Breakdown for Exams

Introduction: Why “Majority” is Important This Winter Session At the start of Parliament’s Winter Session, there are many different types of bills that will be debated, as well as constitutional amendments and other policy reform proposals. Some proposals require a simple majority for passage while some require specific types of legislative majorities. As a result,

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Article 16 of the indian constitution

Article 16 of the Indian Constitution – Equality, Reservation, and the Mandal Legacy

Introduction – The Core of Equal Opportunity “Equality has no meaning if it does not guarantee equal opportunities.” Article 16 of the Indian Constitution establishes equality of opportunity in public employment and ensures that birth, caste, or wealth do not determine access to government jobs or offices, but ability and merit do. But this promise

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The 130th Amendment Bill, 2025 — Reform or Political Weapon?

Introduction On August 20, 2025, Minister of Home Affairs Amit Shah introduced the Constitution (One Hundred and Thirtieth Amendment) Bill, 2025 in Parliament. Consequently, The bill represents a bold and contentious step in the history of the Constitution of India, as it looks to bring a measure of political accountability. The Bill proposes that if

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