UPSC

Freedom of Speech & Expression

Freedom of Speech & Expression – Power, Limits, and the Changing Digital Reality

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Democratic Expression “Freedom of speech is not just a right of the constitution – always remember it is the lifeblood of democracy.” Citizens exercise free expression to render their government accountable, to inform citizens, and to participate as actors in the process of nation-building. Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution provides free expression to every […]

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khajuraho temple debate

Khajuraho temples: Judiciary, History, and faith(UPSC)

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Introduction- Khajuraho temples met Judiciary Recently, intense debate has engulfed the peaceful stone carvings of Khajuraho, as during a hearing on a public interest petition that sought the restoration of the head of a Vishnu idol in the Chaturbhuj Temple in Khajuraho , CJI said that “This is purely publicity interest litigation… Go and ask

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Article 16 of the indian constitution

Article 16 of the Indian Constitution – Equality, Reservation, and the Mandal Legacy

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Introduction – The Core of Equal Opportunity “Equality has no meaning if it does not guarantee equal opportunities.” Article 16 of the Indian Constitution establishes equality of opportunity in public employment and ensures that birth, caste, or wealth do not determine access to government jobs or offices, but ability and merit do. But this promise

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pandita ramabai

PANDITA RAMABAI – THE WOUNDED HEALER

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Introduction– Pandita Ramabai Professor Meera Kosambi recounted Pandita Ramabai as an individual whom one can see as… “the site for a series of overlapping encounters – primarily that between Hinduism and Christianity, rationalism and dogma, individuality and Church hierarchy. Surrounding this there was the larger confrontation between Indianness and Western culture, feminism and patriarchy in

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Secularism in India: Historical Debates and Evolving Interpretations

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“Secularism in some form is a requirement for the democratic life of religiously diverse societies,” wrote the philosopher Charles Taylor (1998). India’s religious diversity led to the adoption of secularism to protect freedom of religion and equal treatment of religions. The explicit use of secular was added to the Preamble through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment

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GST Tax Reforms 2025: Two-Slab Structure and Its UPSC Relevance

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Introduction- GST Reforms The Goods and Services Tax (GST) came into being in July 2017 as part of ‘One Nation, One Tax,’ as it replaced an existing system of indirect taxes and took tax uniformity across India to a whole new level. But the multiple tax slabs found in the GST framework complicated tax compliance.

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Wildlife Protection Act 1972 – History, Significance, and Kerala’s New Amendment

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Introduction The Kerala Cabinet has passed an amendment bill to change the Wildlife Protection Act (WPA), 1972, an important law regarding the protection of wild animals and their habitat in India. The Amendment Bill proposes to simplify procedures to kill wild animals, which are threatening human life. We should see its relevance in light of

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