October 2025

Article 21 of the Indian constitution

Article 21 of the Indian constitution: Euthanasia, Privacy, and the Due Process of Law

3 Comments | UPSC |

Introduction: The Heart of the Constitution Dr. B. R. Ambedkar referred to Article 21 as the “heart of the Constitution,” which is a living provision that infuses life into the entire structure of Fundamental Rights. Article 21 is the most interpreted and judicially expanded article in Indian jurisprudence and affects every dimension of human existence, […]

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Article 20 of the Indian Constitution

Article 20 of the Indian Constitution: Shielding Justice through Due Process

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Introduction: ARTICLE 20 of the Indian Constitution “It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer.” — William Blackstone No legal principle better captures the spirit of justice in this way. The idea that fairness must be uppermost to retribution captures the spirit of Article 20 of the Constitution of India.

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Freedom of Speech & Expression

Freedom of Speech & Expression – Power, Limits, and the Changing Digital Reality

1 Comment | UPSC |

Introduction Citizens exercise free expression to render their government accountable, to inform citizens, and to participate as actors in the process of nation-building. Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution provides free expression to every citizen so that every citizen can express opinions in whatever format – written, verbal, visual, audio, online or digital interactive (regrettably,

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Article 18 of indian constitution

Article 18 Explained: Why Padma Awards Aren’t ‘Titles’

1 Comment | UPSC |

Introduction: Award Season and the Idea of Titles in the Constitution Each year, the National Film Awards and Dadasaheb Phalke Awards fill the country with pride — rewarding India’s creative genius as well as the spirit of excellence. They honour merit that binds together the cultural and moral fabric of the Republic. But, isn’t it

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